Ung thư là những căn bệnh ác tính với sự tác động trên bất cứ cơ quan nào tro ng cơ thể, đến bất cứ giới tính và độ tuổi nào. Trong những năm gần đây, bệnh ung thư có xu hướng trẻ hóa độ tuổi, có nghĩa là số ca mắc ung thư trên người trẻ ngày càng nhiều hơn so với 10 năm trước đây. Điều đó, cho thấy hiện có nhiều yếu tố tác động vào tỷ lệ mắc mới bệnh ung thưhay do sự phát hiện sớm các bệnh lý thông qua các kỹ thuật chẩn đoán tối ưu, hiện đại mà hiện nay đang áp dụng trên thế giới và Việt Nam.

Một trong những thành tưu đó chính là xét nghiệm các chỉ điểm khối u hay gọi là chỉ điểm sinh học khối u (tumor markers) tùy thuộc vào từng cơ quan đích sẽ có các chỉ điểm đặc hiệu riêng. tuy nhiên sự đặc hiệu đó không phải lúc nào cũng tuyệt đối và còn có một tỷ lệ sai sót hay nói đúng hơn là chỉ số này còn bị nhiễu bởi một số tình trạng bệnh lý khác nhau đã từng gặp trên lâm sàng. Nhiều nghiên cứu gần đây đã chứng minh điều đó qua các nghiên cứu cập nhật hàng năm thông qua các hội thảo chuyên đề ung thư.

Tumor markers in clinical practice: General principles and guidelines.Sharma S.Indian J Med Paediatr o­ncol. 2009 Jan;30(1):1-8. doi: 10.4103/0971-5851.56328.PMID: 20668599 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 17164302.

Clinical applications of serum tumor markers.Bates SE.Ann Intern Med. 1991 Oct 15;115(8):623-38. Review.PMID: 1716430 Similar articles Select item 179932293.

Overview of resistance to systemic therapy in patients with breast cancer.Gonzalez-Angulo AM, Morales-Vasquez F, Hortobagyi GN.Adv Exp Med Biol. 2007;608:1-22. Review.PMID: 17993229 Similar articles Select item 103881284.

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The 'Sentinel Node' Concept: More Questions Raised than Answers Provided?Schlag PM.Oncologist. 1998;3(5):VI-VII.PMID: 10388128Similar articles Select item 86945375.

Does the assessment of serum markers in patients with lung cancer aid in the clinical decision making process?Ebert W, Muley T, Drings P.Anticancer Res. 1996 Jul-Aug;16(4B):2161-8. Review.

PMID: 8694537 Similar articles Select item 12815526.

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Tumor markers.Seleznick MJ.Prim Care. 1992 Dec;19(4):715-26. Review.PMID: 1281552 Similar articles Select item 269079577.

Serum tumor markers in chronic kidney disease: as clinical tool in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of cancers.Amiri FS.Ren Fail. 2016;38(4):530-44. doi: 10.3109/0886022X.2016.1148523. Epub 2016 Feb 24. Review.PMID: 26907957 Similar articles Select item 230744928.

Optimum methadone compliance testing: an evidence-based analysis.Health Quality o­ntario.Ont Health Technol Assess Ser. 2006;6(21):1-54. Epub 2006 Dec 1.PMID: 23074492 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 230745049.

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Anal dysplasia screening: an evidence-based analysis.Health Quality o­ntario.Ont Health Technol Assess Ser. 2007;7(4):1-43. Epub 2007 Jun 1.PMID: 23074504 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 962332610.

[Considerations in rational use of tumor markers in breast carcinoma].Crombach G.Praxis (Bern 1994). 1998 Apr 22;87(17):589-94. Review. German. PMID: 9623326 Similar articles Select item 1634324411.

New tumor markers: CA125 and beyond.Bast RC Jr, Badgwell D, Lu Z, Marquez R, Rosen D, Liu J, Baggerly KA, Atkinson EN, Skates S, Zhang Z, Lokshin A, Menon U, Jacobs I, Lu K.Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2005 Nov-Dec;15 Suppl 3:274-81. Review.PMID: 16343244 Similar articles Select item 841125912.

Elevation of multiple serum markers in patients with stage I ovarian cancer.Woolas RP, Xu FJ, Jacobs IJ, Yu YH, Daly L, Berchuck A, Soper JT, Clarke-Pearson DL, Oram DH, Bast RC Jr.J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993 Nov 3;85(21):1748-51.PMID: 8411259 Similar articles Select item 2661707413.

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First trimester serum tests for Down's syndrome screening.Alldred SK, Takwoingi Y, Guo B, Pennant M, Deeks JJ, Neilson JP, Alfirevic Z.Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Nov 30;(11):CD011975. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011975. Review.PMID: 26617074 Similar articles Select item 1548532514.

Serum tumor markers in patients with breast cancer.Lumachi F, Basso SM.Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2004 Oct;4(5):921-31. Review.PMID: 15485325 Similar articles Select item 1601975915.

Prognostic value of serum markers for prostate cancer.Stenman UH, Abrahamsson PA, Aus G, Lilja H, Bangma C, Hamdy FC, Boccon-Gibod L, Ekman P.Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl. 2005 May;(216):64-81. Review.PMID: 16019759 Similar articles Select item 1554309216.

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Evidence-based medical perspectives: the evolving role of PSA for early detection, monitoring of treatment response, and as a surrogate end point of efficacy for interventions in men with different clinical risk states for the prevention and progression of prostate cancer. Lieberman R.Am J Ther. 2004 Nov-Dec;11(6):501-6. Review.PMID: 15543092 Similar articles Select item 1078547417.

Elevated serum CA-125 levels in hemodialysis patients with peritoneal, pleural, or pericardial fluids.Sevinc A, Buyukberber S, Sari R, Kiroglu Y, Turk HM, Ates M.Gynecol o­ncol. 2000 May;77(2):254-7.PMID: 10785474 Similar articles Select item 1826191618.

Tumor type M2-pyruvate-kinase levels in pleural fluid versus plasma in cancer patients: a further tool to define the need for invasive procedures.Elia S, Massoud R, Guggino G, Cristino B, Cortese C, De Massimi AR, Zenobi R.Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2008 Apr;33(4):723-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ejcts.2008.01.014. Epub 2008 Feb 7.PMID: 18261916 Similar articles Select item 2574887619.

The effect of direct referral for fast CT scan in early lung cancer detection in general practice. A clinical, cluster-randomised trial.Guldbrandt LM.Dan Med J. 2015 Mar;62(3). pii: B5027.PMID: 25748876 Similar articles Select item 1559667020.

Use of a panel of tumor markers (carcinoembryonic antigen, cancer antigen 125, carbohydrate antigen 15-3, and cytokeratin 19 fragments) in pleural fluid for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant effusions.Porcel JM, Vives M, Esquerda A, Salud A, Pérez B, Rodríguez-Panadero F.Chest. 2004 Dec;126(6):1757-63.PMID: 15596670 Similar articles

Serum cytokeratin fragment 21.1 (CYFRA 21.1) as tumour marker for breast cancer: comparison with carbohydrate antigen 15.3 (CA 15.3) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA).Giovanella L, Ceriani L, Giardina G, Bardelli D, Tanzi F, Garancini S.Clin Chem Lab Med. 2002 Mar;40(3):298-303.PMID: 12005221 Similar articles Select item 1211487222.

Circulating tumor markers and nuclear medicine imaging modalities: breast, prostate and ovarian cancer.Ugrinska A, Bombardieri E, Stokkel MP, Crippa F, Pauwels EK.Q J Nucl Med. 2002 Jun;46(2):88-104. Review.PMID: 12114872 Similar articles Select item 1179261123.

[Standards, options and recommendations for tumor markers in colorectal cancer].Eche N, Pichon MF, Quillien V, Gory-Delabaere G, Riedinger JM, Basuyau JP, Daver A, Buecher B, Conroy T, Dieu L, Bidart JM, Deneux L; Groupe de travail Nicole Eche (coordonnateur), o­ncobiologiste.Bull Cancer. 2001 Dec;88(12):1177-206. Review. French. PMID: 11792611Free Article Similar articles Select item 1985730624.

[Application of tumour markers in clinical practice].Keuren JF, Thomas CM, Bonfrèr JM, Sweep CG, Boonstra JG.Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2009;153:A617. Review. Dutch. PMID: 19857306 Similar articles Select item 1901874225.

[Changes in mineral metabolism in stage 3, 4, and 5 chronic kidney disease (not o­n dialysis)].Lorenzo Sellares V, Torregrosa V.Nefrologia. 2008;28 Suppl 3:67-78. Spanish. PMID: 19018742 Free Article Similar articles Select item 1452439426.

Serum tumor markers.Perkins GL, Slater ED, Sanders GK, Prichard JG.Am Fam Physician. 2003 Sep 15;68(6):1075-82.PMID: 14524394 Free Article Similar articles Select item 769295327.

[Prediction of recurrence of gastrointestinal cancer from standpoint of biological malignancies--tumor marker doubling time and its a half life period line].Mai M, Takahashi Y.Hum Cell. 1993 Jun;6(2):82-7. Japanese.

PMID: 7692953 Similar articles Select item 193378128.

Tumor-associated glycoprotein-72 serum levels complement carcinoembryonic antigen levels in monitoring patients with gastrointestinal carcinoma. A longitudinal study.Guadagni F, Roselli M, Amato T, Cosimelli M, Mannella E, Perri P, Abbolito MR, Cavaliere R, Colcher D, Greiner JW, et al.Cancer. 1991 Dec 1;68(11):2443-50.PMID: 1933781 Similar articles Select item 949491529.

Antenatal screening for Down's syndrome.Wald NJ, Kennard A, Hackshaw A, McGuire A.J Med Screen. 1997;4(4):181-246. Review. Erratum in: J Med Screen 1998;5(2):110. J Med Screen 1998;5(3):166. PMID: 9494915 Similar articles Select item 2307451730.

Optical coherence tomography for age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular edema: an evidence-based analysis.Health Quality o­ntario.Ont Health Technol Assess Ser. 2009;9(13):1-22. Epub 2009 Sep 1.PMID: 23074517 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 2329029631.

Pretherapeutic evaluation of patients with upper gastrointestinal tract cancer using endoscopic and laparoscopic ultrasonography.Mortensen MB.Dan Med J. 2012 Dec;59(12):B4568. Review.PMID: 23290296 Similar articles Select item 1473905932.

Serum tumor markers in the management of ovarian, endometrial and cervical cancer.Gadducci A, Cosio S, Carpi A, Nicolini A, Genazzani AR.Biomed Pharmacother. 2004 Jan;58(1):24-38. Review.PMID: 14739059 Similar articles Select item 2233501933.

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HE4--a novel promising serum marker in the diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma.Langmár Z, Németh M, Vleskó G, Király M, Hornyák L, Bösze P.Eur J Gynaecol o­ncol. 2011;32(6):605-10. Review.PMID: 22335019 Similar articles Select item 1643577334.

Serum tumor markers. Part I: Clinical utility.Hoefner DM.MLO Med Lab Obs. 2005 Dec;37(12):20, 22-4.PMID: 16435773 Similar articles Select item 2265266135.

Assessing the clinical significance of tumor markers in common neoplasms.Beketic-Oreskovic L, Maric P, Ozretic P, Oreskovic D, Ajdukovic M, Levanat S.Front Biosci (Elite Ed). 2012 Jun 1;4:2558-78. Review.PMID: 22652661 Similar articles Select item 2425819536.

Clinical assessment to screen for the detection of oral cavity cancer and potentially malignant disorders in apparently healthy adults.Walsh T, Liu JL, Brocklehurst P, Glenny AM, Lingen M, Kerr AR, Ogden G, Warnakulasuriya S, Scully C.Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Nov 21;(11):CD010173. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010173.pub2. Review.PMID: 24258195 Similar articles Select item 1189472137.

Bisphosphonates for prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.Ravn P.Dan Med Bull. 2002 Feb;49(1):1-18. Review.PMID: 11894721 Similar articles Select item 2492559538.

Postoperative serum methylation levels of TAC1 and SEPT9 are independent predictors of recurrence and survival of patients with colorectal cancer.Tham C, Chew M, Soong R, Lim J, Ang M, Tang C, Zhao Y, o­ng SY, Liu Y.Cancer. 2014 Oct 15;120(20):3131-41. doi: 10.1002/cncr.28802. Epub 2014 Jun 12.PMID: 24925595 Free Article Similar articles Select item 652710539.

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Diagnostic sensitivity, diagnostic specificity and predictive value of the determination of tumour markers.Wagener C.J Clin Chem Clin Biochem. 1984 Dec;22(12):969-79.PMID: 6527105 Similar articles Select item 268803240.

Present status of serum markers.Minton JP, Chevinsky A.Semin Surg o­ncol. 1989;5(6):426-35. Review.PMID: 2688032 Similar articles

Intraoperative frozen section analysis for the diagnosis of early stage ovarian cancer in suspicious pelvic masses.Ratnavelu ND, Brown AP, Mallett S, Scholten RJ, Patel A, Founta C, Galaal K, Cross P, Naik R.Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Mar 1;3:CD010360. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010360.pub2. Review.PMID: 26930463 Similar articles Select item 1145120942.

Clinical uses of tumor markers: a critical review.Duffy MJ.Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 2001 Jun;38(3):225-62. Review.PMID: 11451209 Similar articles Select item 1047017343.

CEA, TPS, CA 19-9 and CA 72-4 and the fecal occult blood test in the preoperative diagnosis and follow-up after resective surgery of colorectal cancer.Griesenberg D, Nürnberg R, Bahlo M, Klapdor R.Anticancer Res. 1999 Jul-Aug;19(4A):2443-50.PMID: 10470173 Similar articles Select item 1696439344.

Testing for anti-p53 antibodies increases the diagnostic sensitivity of conventional tumor markers.Müller M, Meyer M, Schilling T, Ulsperger E, Lehnert T, Zentgraf H, Stremmel W, Volkmann M, Galle PR.Int J o­ncol. 2006 Oct;29(4):973-80.PMID: 16964393 Similar articles Select item 240490645.

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Serum tumor markers of head and neck cancer: current status.Hanna EY, Papay FA, Gupta MK, Lavertu P, Tucker HM.Head Neck. 1990 Jan-Feb;12(1): 50-9. Review.PMID: 2404906 Similar articles Select item 2307451446.

Fecal occult blood test for colorectal cancer screening: an evidence-based analysis.Health Quality o­ntario.Ont Health Technol Assess Ser. 2009;9(10):1-40. Epub 2009 Sep 1.PMID: 23074514 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 406405047.

Optimizing tumor markers in breast cancer: monitoring, prognosis, and therapy control.Staab HJ, Ahlemann LM, Anderer FA, Zwirner M, Schindler AE.Cancer Detect Prev. 1985;8(1-2):35-45.PMID: 4064050 Similar articles Select item 794882348.

Clinical value of tumour markers and serum-ascites albumin gradient in the diagnosis of malignancy-related ascites.Chen SJ, Wang SS, Lu CW, Chao Y, Lee FY, Lee SD, Wu SL, Cherng KL, Lo KJ.J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1994 Jul-Aug;9(4):396-400.PMID: 7948823 Similar articles Select item 2113258049.

Overview of the epidemiology methods and applications: strengths and limitations of observational study designs.Colditz GA.Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2010;50 Suppl 1:10-2. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2010.526838.PMID: 21132580 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 981663650.

[Cytokeratin tumor markers in ovarian carcinoma: tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS) and M3/M21].Hefler L, Tempfer C, Häusler G, Heinzl H, Kainz C.Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1998 Oct 2;110(18):635-41. German. PMID: 9816636 Similar articles Select item 1743355151.

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Biochemical markers in o­ncology. Part I: molecular basis. Part II: clinical uses.Voorzanger-Rousselot N, Garnero P.Cancer Treat Rev. 2007 May;33(3):230-83. Epub 2007 Apr 11. Review.PMID: 17433551 Similar articles Select item 1531369052.

Detection of serum tumor markers in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer.Jiang XT, Tao HQ, Zou SC.Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int. 2004 Aug;3(3):464-8.PMID: 15313690 Free Article Similar articles Select item 2405054453.

The role of tumor markers and biomarkers in colorectal cancer.Lech G, Slotwinski R, Krasnodebski IW.Neoplasma. 2013 Sep 20. doi: 10.4149/neo_2014_003. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 24050544 Similar articles Select item 2269340054.

Serum CA 19-9 as a Biomarker for Pancreatic Cancer-A Comprehensive Review.Ballehaninna UK, Chamberlain RS.Indian J Surg o­ncol. 2011 Jun;2(2):88-100. doi: 10.1007/s13193-011-0042-1. Epub 2011 Feb 17.PMID: 22693400 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 1277526155.

[FDG dual-head tomography with coincidence imaging and serum tumor marker assays for the assessment of malignancy of pulmonary lesions].Wang HQ, Miao JS, Wu JY, Pan HZ, Shen Y, Liu JJ.Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi. 2003 Jan;26(1):10-3. Chinese. PMID: 12775261 Similar articles Select item 1730218956.

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Prevention and early detection of ovarian cancer: mission impossible?Bast RC Jr, Brewer M, Zou C, Hernandez MA, Daley M, Ozols R, Lu K, Lu Z, Badgwell D, Mills GB, Skates S, Zhang Z, Chan D, Lokshin A, Yu Y.Recent Results Cancer Res. 2007;174:91-100. Review.PMID: 17302189 Similar articles Select item 884102057.

Tumor marker utility grading system: a framework to evaluate clinical utility of tumor markers.Hayes DF, Bast RC, Desch CE, Fritsche H Jr, Kemeny NE, Jessup JM, Locker GY, Macdonald JS, Mennel RG, Norton L, Ravdin P, Taube S, Winn RJ.J Natl Cancer Inst. 1996 Oct 16;88(20):1456-66. Review.PMID: 8841020 Similar articles Select item 304391958.

[Tumor markers. Their current diagnostic status].Kudlacek S.Wien Med Wochenschr. 1988 May 31;138(10):228-42. Review. German. PMID: 3043919 Similar articles Select item 2310532559.

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Application of tumor markers in ovarian malignancies.Malati T, Kumari GR, Yadagiri B.Indian J Clin Biochem. 2001 Jul;16(2):224-33. doi: 10.1007/BF02864868.PMID: 23105325 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 1981807460.

Clinical utility of antioxidant gene expression levels in circulating cancer cell clusters for the detection of prostate cancer in patients with prostate-specific antigen levels of 4-10 ng/mL and disease prognostication after radical prostatectomy.Giesing M, Suchy B, Driesel G, Molitor D.BJU Int. 2010 Apr;105(7):1000-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2009.08920.x. Epub 2009 Oct 10.PMID: 19818074 Free Article Similar articles

Usefulness of CEA, TPA, GICA, CA 72.4, and CA 195 in the Diagnosis of primary colorectal cancer and at its relapse.Nicolini A, Caciagli M, Zampieri F, Ciampalini G, Carpi A, Spisni R, Colizzi C.Cancer Detect Prev. 1995;19(2):183-95.PMID: 7750106 Similar articles Select item 2057123262.

Prognostic significance of serum Her2/neu, BCL2, CA15-3 and CEA in breast cancer patients: a short follow-up.Samy N, Ragab HM, El Maksoud NA, Shaalan M.Cancer Biomark. 2010;6(2):63-72. doi: 10.3233/CBM-2009-0119.PMID: 20571232 Similar articles Select item 1056110663.

Tumor marker determination after orthotopic heart transplantation.Nägele H, Bahlo M, Klapdor R, Rödiger W. J Heart Lung Transplant. 1999 Oct;18(10):957-62.PMID: 10561106 Similar articles Select item 2750610364.

[THE EVOLUTION OF MARKERS OF PROSTATE CANCER].Peshkov MN, Generozov EV, Kostryukova ES. Klin Lab Diagn. 2016 Mar;61(3):132-40. Review. Russian. PMID: 27506103 Similar articles Select item 1562997265.

A process for developing community consensus regarding the diagnosis and management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Foy JM, Earls MF.Pediatrics. 2005 Jan;115(1):e97-104.PMID: 15629972 Similar articles Select item 2066095966.

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Biological markers in lung cancer: A clinician's perspective.Tufman A, Huber RM.Cancer Biomark. 2010;6(3-4):123-35. doi: 10.3233/CBM-2009-0124. Review.PMID: 20660959 Similar articles Select item 1707953667.

A refined symptom-based approach to diagnose pulmonary tuberculosis in children.Marais BJ, Gie RP, Hesseling AC, Schaaf HS, Lombard C, Enarson DA, Beyers N.Pediatrics. 2006 Nov;118(5):e1350-9.PMID: 17079536 Similar articles Select item 1038810568.

"Just Another Statistic"Machtay M, Glatstein E.Oncologist. 1998;3(3):III-IV.PMID: 10388105 Similar articles Select item 2307440269.

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation (EGFR) Testing for Prediction of Response to EGFR-Targeting Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) Drugs in Patients with Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: An Evidence-Based Analysis.Health Quality o­ntario.Ont Health Technol Assess Ser. 2010;10(24):1-48. Epub 2010 Dec 1.PMID: 23074402 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 2215383270.

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as tumor marker in lung cancer.Grunnet M, Sorensen JB.Lung Cancer. 2012 May;76(2):138-43. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2011.11.012. Epub 2011 Dec 6. Review.PMID: 22153832 Similar articles Select item 2640871971.

The Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Tumor Markers (CEA, SCC, CYFRA 21-1, TPS) in Head and Neck Cancer Patients.Barak V, Meirovitz A, Leibovici V, Rachmut J, Peretz T, Eliashar R, Gross M.Anticancer Res. 2015 Oct;35(10):5519-24.PMID: 26408719 Similar articles Select item 1077296772.

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Tumour marker measurements in the diagnosis and monitoring of breast cancer.Cheung KL, Graves CR, Robertson JF.Cancer Treat Rev. 2000 Apr;26(2):91-102. Review.PMID: 10772967 Similar articles Select item 1711624773.

Intensive post-operative follow-up of breast cancer patients with tumour markers: CEA, TPA or CA15.3 vs MCA and MCA-CA15.3 vs CEA-TPA-CA15.3 panel in the early detection of distant metastases.Nicolini A, Tartarelli G, Carpi A, Metelli MR, Ferrari P, Anselmi L, Conte M, Berti P, Miccoli P.BMC Cancer. 2006 Nov 20;6:269.PMID: 17116247 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 1641034174.

Serum tumor markers in breast cancer: are they of clinical value?Duffy MJ.Clin Chem. 2006 Mar;52(3):345-51. Epub 2006 Jan 12. Review.PMID: 16410341

Free Article Similar articles Select item 768411275.

Surveillance of patients with prostate cancer after treatment: the roles of serologic and imaging studies.Kagan AR, Steckel RJ.Med Pediatr o­ncol. 1993;21(5):327-32. Review.PMID:7684112

Similar articles Select item 2816347376.

Tumor markers: A diagnostic tool.Nagpal M, Singh S, Singh P, Chauhan P, Zaidi MA.Natl J Maxillofac Surg. 2016 Jan-Jun;7(1):17-20. doi: 10.4103/0975-5950.196135. Review.PMID: 28163473 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 2354239977.

Organ Specific Tumor Markers: What's New?Vaidyanathan K, Vasudevan DM.Indian J Clin Biochem. 2012 Apr;27(2):110-20. doi: 10.1007/s12291-011-0173-8. Epub 2011 Nov 8.PMID: 23542399 Free PMC Article Similar articles

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Tumor markers: A diagnostic tool.Nagpal M, Singh S, Singh P, Chauhan P, Zaidi MA.Natl J Maxillofac Surg. 2016 Jan-Jun;7(1):17-20. doi: 10.4103/0975-5950.196135. Review.PMID: 28163473 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 207168132.

Cancer biomarkers - current perspectives.Bhatt AN, Mathur R, Farooque A, Verma A, Dwarakanath BS.

Indian J Med Res. 2010 Aug;132:129-49. Review.PMID: 20716813 Free Article Similar articles Select item 127080553.

[Tumor markers: essential diagnostic tools for radiologists].Kayaba H.Nihon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi. 2003 Mar;63(4):133-9. Review. Japanese. PMID:12708055 Similar articles Select item 216141934.

Colorimetric immunoassay for detection of tumor markers.Yin Y, Cao Y, Xu Y, Li G.Int J Mol Sci. 2010;11(12):5077-94. doi: 10.3390/ijms11125077. Epub 2010 Dec 7.PMID: 21614193 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 271494795.

Retrospective Study to Determine Diagnostic Utility of 6 Commonly Used Lung Cancer Biomarkers Among Han and Uygur Population in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of People's Republic of China.Yang-Chun F, Min F, Di Z, Yan-Chun H.Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 May;95(18):e3568. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000003568.PMID: 27149479 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 221538326.

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as tumor marker in lung cancer.Grunnet M, Sorensen JB.Lung Cancer. 2012 May;76(2):138-43. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2011.11.012. Epub 2011 Dec 6. Review.PMID: 22153832 Similar articles Select item 264087197.

The Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Tumor Markers (CEA, SCC, CYFRA 21-1, TPS) in Head and Neck Cancer Patients.Barak V, Meirovitz A, Leibovici V, Rachmut J, Peretz T, Eliashar R, Gross M.Anticancer Res. 2015 Oct;35(10):5519-24.PMID: 26408719 Similar articles Select item 128203208.

Fuzzy logic-based tumor marker profiles including a new marker tumor M2-PK improved sensitivity to the detection of progression in lung cancer patients.Schneider J, Peltri G, Bitterlich N, Neu K, Velcovsky HG, Morr H, Katz N, Eigenbrodt E.Anticancer Res. 2003 Mar-Apr;23(2A):899-906.PMID: 12820320 Similar articles Select item 17164309.

Clinical applications of serum tumor markers.Bates SE.Ann Intern Med. 1991 Oct 15;115(8):623-38. Review.PMID: 1716430 Similar articles Select item 2423236810.

Serum biomarkers in head and neck squamous cell cancer.Kaskas NM, Moore-Medlin T, McClure GB, Ekshyyan O, Vanchiere JA, Nathan CA.JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2014 Jan;140(1):5-11. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2013.5688.PMID: 24232368 Similar articles Select item 2838119111.

Expression and associations of TRAF1, BMI-1, ALDH1, and Lin28B in oral squamous cell carcinoma.Wu TF, Li YC, Ma SR, Bing-Liu, Zhang WF, Sun ZJ.Tumour Biol. 2017 Apr;39(4):1010428317695930. doi: 10.1177/1010428317695930.PMID: 28381191 Similar articles Select item 1200522112.

Serum cytokeratin fragment 21.1 (CYFRA 21.1) as tumour marker for breast cancer: comparison with carbohydrate antigen 15.3 (CA 15.3) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA).Giovanella L, Ceriani L, Giardina G, Bardelli D, Tanzi F, Garancini S.Clin Chem Lab Med. 2002 Mar;40(3):298-303.PMID: 12005221 Similar articles Select item 2367158513.

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Novel molecular tumor cell markers in regional lymph nodes and blood samples from patients undergoing surgery for non-small cell lung cancer.Nordgård O, Singh G, Solberg S, Jørgensen L, Halvorsen AR, Smaaland R, Brustugun OT, Helland Å.PLoS o­ne. 2013 May 3;8(5):e62153. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062153. Print 2013.PMID: 23671585 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 1898958214.

[Application of serum tumor markers and support vector machine in the diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma].Zhong LP, Zhou XJ, Wei KJ, Yang X, Ma CY, Zhang CP, Zhang ZY.Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue. 2008 Oct;17(5):457-60. Chinese. PMID: 18989582 Similar articles Select item 1861682115.

Identification of a panel of sensitive and specific DNA methylation markers for squamous cell lung cancer.Anglim PP, Galler JS, Koss MN, Hagen JA, Turla S, Campan M, Weisenberger DJ, Laird PW, Siegmund KD, Laird-Offringa IA.Mol Cancer. 2008 Jul 10;7:62. doi: 10.1186/1476-4598-7-62.PMID: 18616821 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 2505724116.

Biomarkers of HIV-associated Cancer.Flepisi BT, Bouic P, Sissolak G, Rosenkranz B.Biomark Cancer. 2014 Jul 3;6:11-20. doi: 10.4137/BIC.S15056. eCollection 2014. Review.PMID: 25057241 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 2233088317.

Assessment of circulating tumor cells and serum markers for progression-free survival prediction in metastatic breast cancer: a prospective observational study.Bidard FC, Hajage D, Bachelot T, Delaloge S, Brain E, Campone M, Cottu P, Beuzeboc P, Rolland E, Mathiot C, Pierga JY.Breast Cancer Res. 2012 Feb 13;14(1):R29.PMID: 22330883 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 1727437518.

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[The diagnostic value of FDG coincidence imaging combined with serum tumor marker assays for pulmonary lesions].Yang JG, Li CL, Gong M, Zou LF.Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 2006 Sep;28(9):683-5. Chinese. PMID: 17274375 Similar articles Select item 2512090219.

Recent advances in oesophageal diseases.Al Dulaimi D.Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench. 2014 Summer;7(3):186-9.PMID: 25120902 Free PMC ArticleSimilar articles Select item 2766232320.

Detection of survivin, carcinoembryonic antigen and ErbB2 level in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients.Li SX, Yang YQ, Jin LJ, Cai ZG, Sun Z.Cancer Biomark. 2016;17(4):377-382. doi: 10.3233/CBM-160651.

PMID: 27662323 Similar articles

DNA methylation markers of surfactant proteins in lung cancer.Lin Z, Thomas NJ, Bibikova M, Seifart C, Wang Y, Guo X, Wang G, Vollmer E, Goldmann T, Garcia EW, Zhou L, Fan JB, Floros J.Int J o­ncol. 2007 Jul;31(1):181-91. Erratum in: Int J o­ncol. 2007 Nov;31(5):1273. PMID: 17549420 Similar articles Select item 2679664922.

[The diagnostic significance of single or combination lung cancer-related serum biomarkers in high risk lung cancer patients].Ni J, Guo Z, Zhang L.Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2016 Jan;55(1):25-30. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1426.2016.01.007. Chinese. PMID: 26796649 Similar articles Select item 2610721123.

Serum Tumor Marker Levels might have Little Significance in Evaluating Neoadjuvant Treatment Response in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer.Wang YJ, Huang XY, Mo M, Li JW, Jia XQ, Shao ZM, Shen ZZ, Wu J, Liu GY.Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2015;16(11):4603-8.PMID: 26107211 Free Article Similar articles Select item 863538324.

CYFRA 21-1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Evaluation as a tumor marker in non-small cell lung cancer.Lai RS, Hsu HK, Lu JY, Ger LP, Lai NS.Chest. 1996 Apr;109(4):995-1000.PMID: 8635383 Similar articles Select item 2790025125.

Salivary biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma - An insight.Radhika T, Jeddy N, Nithya S, Muthumeenakshi RM.J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2016 Nov;6(Suppl 1):S51-S54. Epub 2016 Aug 8. Review.PMID: 27900251 Free PMC Article Similar articles Select item 869453726.

Does the assessment of serum markers in patients with lung cancer aid in the clinical decision making process?Ebert W, Muley T, Drings P.Anticancer Res. 1996 Jul-Aug;16(4B):2161-8. Review.PMID: 8694537 Similar articles Select item 1290384427.

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